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Box Car
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A closed rail car used for hauling freight
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Branch Line
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A subsidiary, secondary, local, or feeder line of railway
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Bulk Cargo
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Commodities moved in large volumes in an unpackaged, loose form.
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Bulker
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A ship designed for transportation of dry bulk cargo.
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Canada Grain Act
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The Act covers aspects of Canada's grain industry including: the grading system and setting of grain standards; elevator operations and transactions as grain moves to port; elevator licensing; and the empowerment of the Canadian Grain Commission.
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Canadian Transport Commission
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A semi-judicial body set up by the federal government to regulate all modes of transportation
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Cereal grain
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Wheat, oats , barley, rye, trititacle
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Country Elevator
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the small, historic, "standard" elevators in the countryside
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Crow Rate
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Federally imposed artificially low freight rates on grain or flour moving from any point on any rail line pursuant to Statutes of Canada 1897
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Cycle time
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Time for a railcar to move from loading point to port and back
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Demurrage
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Penalty charges for the delay of a ship beyond a specified time
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Grain Blockade
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see text on page 3 with picture 1 in the "Grain Evolution, Historical Evolution of the System" section.
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Grain Door
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A partition placed across an opening in the side of a rail box car to prevent grain from leaking out.
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Grain Exchange
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An exchange operates as a mechanism for trade and an institution with the authority to enforce contracts.
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Herd Law
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Laws to prevent cattle from destroying grain and other crops
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High Troughput/ Inland Terminal
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A large, efficient modern elevator serving a large catchment area and capable of moving a high volume of grain from farm truck unloading to loading in a unit train
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Hopper Car
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A railcar with a dumper in its floor.
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Laker
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A boat specially designed to operate in inland waters.
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Logistics Chain
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A series of inter-related handling and transportation activities that allow a commodity to move from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption
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Manitoba Grain Act
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An Act passed July 1900 to regulate railways and elevators in the interest of the grain growers.
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National Policy
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see text on page 1 with picture 2 in the "Grain Evolution, Historical Evolution of the System" section.
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Pacific Scandal
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Sir Hugh Allen, president of the Canadian Pacific Railway, provided campaign money to the Conservative Party in 1872 and was rewarded by a contract to build the Pacific railway.
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Salty
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An ocean-going ship
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Self-unloader
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A ship with a built-in conveyer system for the discharge of cargo without the use of shore-based equipment.
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Spot, Spotting
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To spot a rail car, is to deliver it to a specific loading point.
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Territorial Grain Growers Association
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An association established by farmers in 1901 in Saskatchewan because dissatisfaction with the handling of that year’s bumper crop; it was the precursor to other farm lobby groups.
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Unit Train
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Trains of great length providing single-product, non-stop service in one direction to a major terminal.
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Wharfage
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A charge for handling cargo on a wharf and vessel docking charges.
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Wheat Board
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A federal agency formed in1935 and charged with marketing Canadian wheat, oats and barley intended for human consumption and exported.
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Wheat Pools
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Farmer-owner grain-handling co-operatives founded to collectively market wheat.
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